The Healing Effect of Grape Seed Oil Enema with or without Sesame Oil in Acetic Acid Induced Ulcerative Colitis of Rats

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases contain two digestive system diseases, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease with unclear causes. The aim of present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of administration of the Sesame oil (SO) and grape seed oil (GSO) as enema route in rats suffering from experimental acetic acid induced UC. METHODS Eighty male rats were randomly allocated into 8 equal groups as health control (HC1) without any disease treated with 1 ml of normal saline as enema; HC2 received SO; HC3 received GSO; negative control (NC) with induced UC receiving 1 ml of normal saline as enema; and positive control (PC) with induced UC treated by asacol. All treatments were performed identically with 4 mg/kg of medication except for asacol that was 100 mg/kg for 7 days. The weight changes was recorded after seven days. The serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin-6, and c-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Colon macroscopic and microscopic histological changes were also measured at the end of 7th day. RESULTS No significant changes were detected in weight in neither groups on day 0 nor at the end of study. No beneficial effects were seen for all treatments regarding healing process and the decrease in inflammation. Between treatment groups, the lowest MDA (7.40±0.98 U/ml), CRP (83.20±10.01 mg/l) and IL-6 levels (130.86±10.70 mU/ml) and highest TAC (1.91±0.43 mmol/l) belonged to GSO group. CONCLUSION GSO enema alone can be considered as a treatment of choice for UC due to its antioxidant properties.